How to prepare for a smear test

What happens during a smear test?

A cervical smear test test is a screening used to take a sample of cells from your cervix using a small, soft brush. Smear tests help to prevent cervical cancer from developing by looking for abnormal changes to your cervix. It’s estimated that they help to save around 4,500 lives every year in the UK.

Some people delay their appointment because they feel embarrassed or worried about having a smear. But there’s no need to avoid cervical screening, and it shouldn’t be painful. If you’re nervous, there’s steps you can take to help you feel more comfortable.

Below is what to expect during your smear test.

• During your appointment you’ll be asked to undress behind a curtain from the waist down.
• You’ll usually be given something to cover the lower half of your body, such as a large paper towel or gown.
• You’ll be asked to lie on your back with your ankles together and your knees apart.
• The nurse performing your smear may put some lubricant gel onto a speculum (a plastic shaped cylinder).
• When you’re ready, the speculum will be gently inserted into your vagina and then opened to get a clear view of your cervix.
• A small, soft brush is then used to take a sample of the cells in your cervix.
• They’ll then close and remove the speculum and leave you to get dressed.

After your smear test, the collected cells are sent off to a laboratory for testing. You’ll usually get your results within two to six weeks.

If cell changes are found, then you may be referred to see a specialist for further assessment.

Does a smear test hurt?

Some people find smear tests uncomfortable, but they shouldn’t be painful. Different things can affect how it might feel, such as if you’re tense or nervous. It can be difficult, but try to relax as much as you can during your smear. It may help to take someone with you to make you more comfortable.

If you do experience pain, tell the practitioner right away. They can help to find ways to make you more comfortable. For example, they may ask you to lay in a different position. You can also ask for a smaller speculum.

If you have menopause-related vaginal dryness, you could try using a special vaginal moisturiser or vaginal oestrogen cream in the weeks before your smear. But, it’s important to stop using these two days before your appointment. Ask your GP for more information.

How can I make my smear test easier?

Here are five ways to help make your cervical smear test easier.

1. Book your smear with a nurse of the gender you’re most comfortable with.
2. Speak to the person doing your smear beforehand if you’re feeling nervous or anxious. They’ll be happy to talk through the process with you.
3. Use deep breathing or mindfulness techniques to try and help you relax before and during your appointment.
4. Wear something comfortable that’s easy to adjust or take off.
5. Ask for a smaller speculum. This will only be possible if there’s one available. A smaller speculum also may not suit everyone, so this is usually down to the clinician.

Remember, you’re in control during your cervical smear test. If you want it to be stopped at any time, just ask.

Do I need a smear test if I’m not sexually active?

If you’ve never had sex, you’re at lower risk of cervical cancer, but there is still a risk you could develop it. HPV virus can be spread through any sexual contact, not just sexual intercourse.

Other factors such as smoking and having a family history of cervical cancer can also increase your risk.

If you’re not currently sexually active, still attend your smear test. It’s now recognised that an infection in the past can cause another HPV positive result many years later.

Everyone with a cervix should have cervical screening, regardless of their gender identity or sexual orientation. But, if you’re registered with your GP as male, you may not be invited for an appointment. So let them know if you would like to receive regular cervical screening invitations.

What should I avoid doing before having a smear?

Avoid using a spermicidal (sperm-killing) or oil-based lubricant in the 24 hours before having your smear, as this can affect the results. You should also try to avoid booking your smear during your period as this means the sample cannot be taken. If you start your period unexpectedly before your appointment, reschedule for when your period has finished.

If you’ve been prescribed a cream containing oestrogen for vaginal dryness, you should also stop using it two or three days before your cervical screening appointment.

I’ve missed my smear test, what should I do?

If you’ve missed your appointment, or you’ve been putting off going for a while, contact your GP to arrange a smear test. You might feel worried if it’s been a long time since your last test. But the best thing to do is to get checked.

Between smear tests, contact your GP if you experience any of the following symptoms:

• bleeding between periods, after sex, or the menopause
• pain or discomfort during sex
• unusual vaginal discharge
• pain in your hip bones (pelvis)