Medicines and pain relief for lower back pain
Key points
- Medicines can help with the symptoms of lower back pain, but they won’t treat the cause.
- Treatment options for back pain include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and muscle relaxants. Heat or ice may also help.
- Most short-term back pain improves within four to six weeks. But if it doesn’t improve after a few weeks, or is severe, you should see a GP.
There are medicines that you can take for lower back pain. While these can help with the symptoms of lower back pain, they won’t treat the cause of the pain. This is why it’s important to keep active and mobile, too. Medicines will help you to do this.
How to relieve lower back pain
Stretch routine| Watch in 15 minutes
If your lower back is stiff or sore, this simple stretch routine is for you
Hi gang, Simon here and today we're going to be working a little bit mobility and stretches to help relieve that lower stiff sore back.
So just make sure you've got loads of space to do it in.
We're going to be doing it primarily on the floor with a couple stretches standing.
And yeah, let's get started.
All right, team.
So today we're going to be doing the child pose.
So this one, if you really struggle with the floor, you can use a pillow or a yoga block for your head to rest on.
But the whole idea is that you want the knees wider than the hips and you want to kind of sink the hips towards the feet.
OK, So place your hands on the on the top of each other if you like.
I'm going to focus on some breathing.
OK, So on the exhale, I want you to lean back more, get more into that that position of, of bringing the the glutes further back. OK?
So think breathing in and on the exhale, go a little bit into the deeper into the stretch.
Breathe in and exhale.
Breathe in and exhale.
Let's breathe in.
Amazing.
So next what we're going to do guys is we're going to do the cat cow.
So really good stretch, laces flat on the floor, so part of the shoe. Try and make sure it's flat or close to ground as possible.
Hands, you know, make sure they're starfish. So make that starfish parallel to the shoulders.
We want the knees parallel to the hips and we want to focus on driving that back up, rounding it, bring the chin in.
And then as we straighten the back, the last thing we want to do is exhale.
OK, so should look something like this.
So breathing in and exhale and you want to try and push into the ground guys.
OK, if you push into the ground, especially around that back, makes a world of a difference here.
We're going to add a little twist now. So what I want you to do is breathe in and then squeeze the shoulder blades together and as you unsqueeze, exhale.
Let's get one more.
Amazing, good job.
So we're going to do the Cobra stretch, fantastic stretch for a stiff lower back.
So the idea here is we want the hands close to the body.
We want to make sure that our hip flexors remain on the floor and we're just going to drive up.
We're going to look 5 to 6 feet into the air, OK.
We don't want the shoulders crunched.
Want to try and keep them as relaxed as possible pushing into the ground.
And you should feel this in the lower back also in the abs too.
Let's get 5 good deep breaths.
Let's get one more.
Fantastic.
OK, so lower back should start feeling a little bit more relaxed and a little bit less stiff.
So we're going to do a seated forward fold.
So the idea of this one team is a couple ways we can do this.
So with the seated forward fold, if you fight it too much, you can stay on your feet and just try and lean forward to stretch out the back.
If you want to extend the legs to lock them out so we get a bit more hamstrings involved, you can do that too.
But the idea is you want to keep the legs straight as possible, walk the hands towards the ankles and if you can get really low, awesome. If this is as much as you can get, great, don't worry. Just do what you can.
And with each exhale, try and go a little bit deeper in that stretch. So breathing in and exhale, breathe in and exhale good and slowly relax and come up.
And for our next stretch, guys, what I'd like you to do is we'll do a spinal twist.
So this one, we are going to do it seated. So you want to cross one foot over the other.
Try and keep it above the knee if you can. And then just as an example, brought my right leg over my left, my left arm is going to go behind the right knee.
And then I'm going to look over towards my right shoulder. I'm going to use my hand to help stabilize everything.
I'm going to hold this for four to five good deep breaths.
Amazing.
And what we're going to do next team is we're going to swap sides.
So bring that knee, bring that foot above that knee, make sure the opposite hand is fully supporting the weight of your upper torso.
And then the opposite arm is going to go behind your left knee and you're going to look over your shoulder and focus on that breathing.
Good stuff.
OK, so for this next one team, we can have a little self massage, which is never a bad thing, right?
So the idea is we're going to bring our knees towards our chest.
And the goal here is we're going to interlock the fingers or you can just grab on to the knees, do whatever feels right.
And we're going to rock and we're going to bring our head towards our belly button.
And you can do the alphabet if you want.
You can do figure of eights, so you can do numbers, whichever the whole idea is you want to try and rock.
So that lower back is getting massage.
We're getting that blood circulate into that area and optimizing that.
So I'm just going to rock gently forward, backwards, side to side.
And then you're going to rest that head and you're going to bring those knees towards the chest.
So your tailbone's going to be lifted off the ground and you're going to focus on a nice deep breath. Amazing.
So this next one team, going to grab the knee at the front in slot those fingers and we're going to pull.
So again, this is going to help the hips slightly, but also the lower back.
So I'm going to pull that knee and I'm going to focus on those deep breaths.
Let's get one more. Good stuff.
OK, so we're going to swap legs now and again. We're going to pull that knee towards our chest.
Focus on your breathing. Amazing.
So with that knee, what we're going to do is we're going to dart it across the body.
So keeping both shoulders firmly to the ground.
You can drop that foot towards the ground if you want, but the whole idea is that we want the knee to go across the body.
So we're getting that lower back stretched as well.
We're going to focus on three, four deep breaths.
OK, so in through the nose, out through the mouth.
Great stuff.
So we're going to swap sides, so making sure that knee, both shoulders on the floor, knee’s going across the body and again that stretch in that lower back.
Now what we're going to do is going to stretch the hamstrings. You're probably thinking, why would we stretch the hamstrings?
This is a lower back, you know, relieving session. But a lot of the time is that tight hamstrings can be the cause of lower back pain. So can tight hips.
The whole idea is that you want to try and keep everything loose. So straighten that leg as much as you can.
You want to grab behind the hamstring. So we're optimizing that stretch and we want to bring those toes and curl them towards our face.
So trying to straighten the leg, curl the toes and you'll definitely feel that stretch in the hamstring area.
Focus on the breathing, on the exhale.
We're always going to try and make sure we straighten that leg a little bit more, pull that leg a little bit closer.
Amazing.
All right, let's try and get 4 to 5 good deep breaths.
OK, so straighten the leg, curl the toes, and dial in on that. Breathe in.
So breathe in and exhale, breathe in and out. Great stuff.
For this next one team, what we're going to do is going to do kneeling thoracic rotation. So the whole idea is what we want to do is we want to try and utilise the wall if we can.
The idea is going to go lunge forward with my right hand I'm going to try and place it against the wall, and with my left hand I'm going to try and also touch the wall as much as possible.
If you struggle this one, chances are you might have a tight hips, tight lower back or tight upper back and shoulder mobility.
But the goal here is to try and get both hands to touch the wall myself.
I think it's near about.
So again, just something to work on and be mindful of.
Bring the hands together this time, try and go a little bit deeper in that stretch. Awesome.
So we're going to swap sides, so swap hands.
And the idea is, oh, we're going to try and get into that stretch, try one more time, so a little bit deeper in that stretch.
Amazing. So what we're going to do guys, is we're going to do a standing forward fold.
So the whole idea is we're going to have our feet about hip width apart.
You can interlock. Oh well, hold onto the elbows if you wish. Or you can try and touch the floor.
But the whole idea is we don't want to lock out from the knees. We want to keep them slightly bent.
OK, a little break in the knees.
We're going to lean forward and we're going to try and let just that upper torso hang everything loose.
You can go right to left if you want to get a little bit of hamstrings involved a bit more, but the whole goal here is we want to let that upper torso just decompress as much as possible.
And again, focused on that breathing team.
Let's get one more and slowly come up.
Awesome job today guys. Well done.
Hopefully you got some use out of this and you're feeling a little bit more nimble and less, you know, less in pain or ess sore. So keep turning up and I'll see you in the next one.
Thanks very much.
What’s the best painkiller for lower back pain?
The medicines your doctor may recommend for lower back pain will depend on:
- what’s causing the pain
- how severe the pain is
- whether that medicine is suitable for you
All medicines come with the risk of side-effects. These are the temporary unwanted effects of a medicine. Your doctor will consider side-effects when prescribing medicines.
When should I see a doctor for back pain?
You should see a GP if your back pain is severe or doesn’t improve after a few weeks. Or if you have any ‘red flag’ symptoms, such as numbness or back pain that starts after a fall or an accident. Most people with short-term (acute) back pain will recover within four to six weeks.
Your GP may refer you to a specialist pain service or clinic for more specialist help if your pain is:
- very severe
- getting worse
- seriously affecting your quality of life
They may also refer you to a physiotherapist.
Pain relief for lower back pain
NSAID tablets
If you have lower back pain, your GP may suggest you take an over-the-counter NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug), such as ibuprofen. If this doesn’t help, your doctor may prescribe a different NSAID or another type of painkiller that may work better for you.
They’ll prescribe the lowest dose to take for the shortest period of time. NSAIDs can cause stomach problems, such as indigestion, which causes pain and discomfort, bloating, and nausea. Your doctor may also prescribe another medicine to protect your stomach while you take the NSAID for lower back pain. It’s best to take NSAIDs with a meal to help protect your stomach.
NSAID gel
Another option to ease lower back pain is an NSAID cream or gel that you put on the affected area. This is less likely to cause any stomach problems. But creams and gels only work where you apply them. For example, although an ibuprofen tablet might help pain in both your back and knee, you would need to put cream on both places to feel the effects in both areas.
Opioids
If NSAIDs don’t work, or you can’t take them, your doctor may prescribe a medicine called an opioid for acute lower back pain. You may be prescribed weak opioids (such as codeine) for moderate pain. It’s unclear whether opioids can help with long-term pain, and side-effects are common. For example, codeine can cause constipation. Your doctor will take this into consideration and explain the risks and side-effects to you.
Is paracetamol enough on its own?
Paracetamol alone is not very effective at treating lower back pain. But it might help if you can’t take NSAIDs, or if you take it in combination with NSAIDs.
Medicines for muscle spasm
Muscle relaxants
If you’re having muscle spasms, your doctor may prescribe a muscle relaxant medicine, such as diazepam, to relax your muscles.
Diazepam is a type of benzodiazepine. It’s only prescribed for a short time. This is because you can become dependent on benzodiazepines if you take them for a long time, and you may develop withdrawal symptoms.
Withdrawal symptoms include:
- anxiety
- difficulty sleeping
- loss of appetite
- sweating
- heart palpitations
- panic attacks
The main side-effects of taking diazepam are:
- feeling drowsy
- being less able to concentrate
It’s very important to follow your doctor’s advice about driving, or whether you need to stop driving while you take diazepam. Even if you only take diazepam at night, it can affect your ability to drive the following day.
Heat and ice for back pain
A hot water bottle or heat pad may help ease muscle spasms and lower back pain. Make sure you protect your skin – don’t put heat pads directly onto your skin and make sure hot water bottles are fully sealed. You can buy pads that you put over your clothing on the area that hurts. These are available from pharmacies and last for several hours.
Ice packs may also be helpful, especially in the first few days of any injury. Make sure you wrap the ice pack in a towel to protect your skin. You can apply the pack to the area that hurts for 15 to 20 minutes at a time every 2 to 3 hours.
Pain relief for lower back pain with sciatica
You’ll have a follow-up appointment with your doctor to see how well your medicine is working and to talk about any problems or side-effects.
Sciatica is when you have pain in your lower back, buttocks, and down one or both legs. If you have severe sciatica and the above treatments haven’t controlled the pain, your doctor may suggest you have an epidural injection. Epidural injections contain a local anaesthetic and steroid to relieve pain and reduce inflammation, and this will be injected in your back.Physiotherapy services
Our evidence-based physiotherapy services are designed to address a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, promote recovery, and enhance overall quality of life. Our physiotherapists are specialised in treating orthopaedic, rheumatological, musculoskeletal conditions and sports-related injury by using tools including education and advice, pain management strategies, exercise therapy and manual therapy techniques.
To book or to make an enquiry, call us on 0345 850 8399
Back pain
Physiotherapy
Over-the-counter painkillers
When to see a doctor for back pain
Other helpful websites
- emc: electronic medicines compendium
www.medicines.org.uk
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